Population: 442,972 (July 2001 est.)

Languages: Luxembourgish (national language), German (administrative language), French (administrative language)

Background: Founded in 963, Luxembourg became a grand duchy in 1815 and an independent state under the Netherlands. It lost more than half of its territory to Belgium in 1839, but gained a larger measure of autonomy. Full independence was attained in 1867...

Currency: Euro (EUR, EUR (€0.75 = US$1))

Data from CIA World Factbook. Click on CIA link for more. Click on map or flag for larger images.